Robotic Process Automation (RPA)

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) is software that automates rule-based, repetitive tasks by mimicking user interactions with desktop applications, web browsers, and legacy systems — clicking, typing, copying data between screens. RPA is widely deployed in finance, HR, and operations for processes that have no API and resist code-level integration.

RPA bots are brittle: any UI change in the target application breaks the bot. Modern RPA programs pair traditional bots with AI layers — computer vision for resilience to layout changes, LLMs for decision points, and IDP for document inputs — creating 'intelligent automation' that handles exceptions without human intervention.